Looking for help? Check out our website and Discord server. Android 6 users using v0. This is a small update on top of v0. Skip to content. This functionality allows you to test code that depends on the framework without needing to use an emulator or mock objects.
Robolectric supports the following aspects of the Android platform:. You can run instrumented unit tests on a physical device or emulator. This form of testing involves significantly slower execution times than local unit tests, however, so it's best to rely on this method only when it's essential to evaluate your app's behavior against actual device hardware.
If you need a test to execute on the main thread, annotate it using UiThreadTest. In addition to testing each unit of your app by running small tests, you should validate your app's behavior from the module level. To do so, write medium tests, which are integration tests that validate the collaboration and interaction of a group of units.
Use your app's structure and the following examples of medium tests in order of increasing scope to define the best way to represent groups of units in your app:.
Espresso helps keep tasks synchronized as you perform UI interactions similar to the following on a device or on Robolectric:. To learn more about these interactions and how to use them in your app's tests, see the Espresso guide. Although it's important to test each class and module within your app in isolation, it's just as important to validate end-to-end workflows that guide users through multiple modules and features. These types of tests form unavoidable bottlenecks in your code, but you can minimize this effect by validating an app that's as close to the actual, finished product as possible.
If your app is small enough, you might need only one suite of large tests to evaluate your app's functionality as a whole. Otherwise, you should divide your large test suites by team ownership, functional verticals, or user goals.
Typically, it's better to test your app on an emulated device or a cloud-based service like Firebase Test Lab , rather than on a physical device, as you can test multiple combinations of screen sizes and hardware configurations more easily and quickly. In addition to supporting medium-sized instrumentation tests, Espresso provides support for synchronization when completing the following tasks in large tests:.
This section describes how to use elements of AndroidX Test to further refine your app's tests. The Guava team provides a fluent assertions library called Truth. You can use this library as an alternative to JUnit- or Hamcrest-based assertions when constructing the validation step—or then step—of your tests. Usually, you use Truth to express that a particular object has a specific property using phrases that contain the conditions you're testing, such as the following:. AndroidX Test supports several additional subjects for Android to make Truth-based assertions even easier to construct:.
The AndroidX Test API helps you carry out common tasks related to mobile app testing, which the following sections discuss. Espresso allows you to programmatically locate and interact with UI elements in your app in a thread-safe way. To learn more, see the Espresso guide.
The test runner facilitates loading your test package and the app under test onto a device or emulator, running your tests, and reporting the results. To further increase these tests' reliability, use Android Test Orchestrator, which runs each UI test in its own Instrumentation sandbox. This architecture reduces shared state between tests and isolates app crashes on a per-test basis.
For more information about the benefits that Android Test Orchestrator provides as you test your app, see the Android Test Orchestrator guide. The UI Automator API lets you interact with visible elements on a device, regardless of the activity or fragment that has focus. Caution: We recommend testing your app using UI Automator only when your app must interact with the system UI or another app to fulfill a critical use case.
Because UI Automator interacts with a particular system UI, you must re-run and fix your UI Automator tests after each platform version upgrade and after each new release of Google Play services. As an alternative to using UI Automator, we recommend adding hermetic tests or separating your large test into a suite of small and medium tests. In particular, focus on testing one piece of inter-app communication at a time, such as sending information to other apps and responding to intent results.
The Espresso-Intents tool can help you write these smaller tests. Your app's interface should allow all users, including those with accessibility needs, to interact with the device and complete tasks more easily in your app. To help validate your app's accessibility, Android's testing library provides several pieces of built-in functionality, which is discussed in the following sections.
To learn more about how to validate your app's usability for different types of users, see the guide on testing your app's accessibility. Enable accessibility checks by including the AccessibilityChecks annotation at the beginning of your test suite, as shown in the following code snippet:. Enable accessibility checks by calling AccessibilityChecks. For more information on how to interpret the results of these accessibility checks, see the Espresso accessibility checking guide.
Use the ActivityScenario and FragmentScenario classes to test how your app's activities and fragments respond to system-level interruptions and configuration changes. To learn more, see the guides on how to test activities and test fragments. AndroidX Test includes code for managing the lifecycles of key services. To learn how to define these rules, see the JUnit4 Rules guide. If your app's behavior depends on the device's SDK version, use the SdkSuppress annotation, passing in values for minSdkVersion or maxSdkVersion depending on how you've branched your app's logic:.
Content and code samples on this page are subject to the licenses described in the Content License. App Basics. Build your first app. App resources. Resource types. App manifest file. Device compatibility. Multiple APK support. Tablets, large screens, and foldables. Build responsive UIs. Build for foldables. Getting started. Handling data. User input. Watch Face Studio. Health services. Creating watch faces. Android TV. Build TV Apps. Build TV playback apps.
Help users find content on TV. Recommend TV content. Watch Next. This is necessary e. See Settings menu - Share icons, text and reading list. They can also change the language of the voice. Press on the text to open at once, as before. Otherwise, if recording speed is too fast, the server may issue "too many requests" error and refuse further service.
For local voices only 1 sentence ahead is generated. There is also a Delete option on this menu. It is disabled by default, enable it there if needed, but on some devices it does not work correctly.
Disable if it causes problems. Works only under Android 8 and higher. Use to read by words, examine spelling using screen reader gestures etc. Useful particularly in landscape mode, or e. Based on Tesseract 4. Enable if straight text extraction from PDF does not yield good results. It is slow though and battery consuming, best use when connected to external power. Currently it searches file names present on the currently opened list.
Will consider search through all lists and adding search buttons to the file open screens in the future. PDF instead. Google finally relented and is now permiting standard file access for reading files in Android 11 and beyond. So I'm largely giving up on their "Scoped Storage" file access, which was a disaster, and re-worked the app again to use regular files access.
Please test how opening files works now, send me feedback if it's any better, and of course send me all the bugs you notice! For example, some 3rd party dictionary app, which we may have not included into our "Dictionary" button, may add a "Dictionary" action there, and you may now access it easily from Voice screen. You need to establish API key, enter payment method and pay Google for usage above their free tier. I don't think they are worth the trouble, but some users were asking for this for months.
This may help to avoid pausing reading aloud on short notification sounds for example. APK 8, Posted October Create an account or sign in to comment You need to be a member in order to leave a comment Create an account Sign up for a new account in our community. Register a new account. Sign in Already have an account? Sign In Now. Go to topic listing. Similar Content. File Converter v The File Converter app converts files in the cloud so your battery isn't wasted, you can continue using your device and your conversions will be much faster.
We also have a color palette, texture, mesh, embroidery, statistics, playlist, web and sheet music converter! So what can be done with all of this? What's new: - Added more conversions! Magisk Canary 5d6d Build - [no magisk-hide]. Magisk Canary 5d6d Build - [no magisk-hide] Requirements: 5. Magic Mount: Allow you to do any system vendor modification without actually tampering the partitions.
Anything can be loaded with Magisk systemless-ly! Resetprop: Allow you to do any modifications to system properties, including read-only props. This is also used along with magiskhide to trick various device status sent from the bootloader Miscellaneous: Optional Remove AVB 2.
Via Magisk Manager Only support v For normal users leave it as the default. Lsposed has an experimental build on it's telegram group and more and more Riru based modules will eventually be compatible with Zygisk. Also remember Zygisk! Magiskhide is done now from magisk and everything will be done through deny lists and they are open to any apps.
If you want to flash magisk through custom recovery, just rename the apk's extension to zip and it'll be a flashable zip file. Storage Space v This app is for you if.. Out of Space - Cant Download App? Convenient links for uninstalling apps and clearing the cache and storage occupied by apps. A basic file manager is included for deleting and moving files around. This is a best effort task since many customizations are done by OEMs. This can be improved if the debug reports are submitted from the facility in the app.
Thanks to all who sent error reports! This app is only possible with your debug reports. Do you hate having to check each and every app if it supports moving to the SD card? Do you want an app that automatically does this for you and can notify you when an app can be moved?
This component streamlines the movement of apps to on your device's external or internal storage through your device's Settings.
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