If not, can anyone give me some advice on what tool I should look into using in order to set up version control. You can create a git repository with all of your code for your website, and host it on Github.
Then you can make changes, commit them to your local repository, and push them to Github. Afterwards, when you want to deploy your changes, do a git pull on your Github repository from the remote server.
Git is a distributed version control system. You have local repositories sitting in your local machine your laptop, desktop, etc. Github is a remote repository hosting service sort of like Dropbox. No ftp is needed. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams?
Collectives on Stack Overflow. Learn more. GitHub version control on FTP based website? Ask Question. Asked 8 years, 4 months ago. Active 8 years, 4 months ago. Viewed 3k times. When a new feature, or a bug fix, is added to some software it is important that these features can be isolated. If a commit includes changes to different aspects of the code it makes it hard to isolate when problems were introduced. It is also makes it difficult to remove a single change that is causing problems if other changes are included in the commit.
There are differences between using version control for code and text which will impact on how you make commits. For example, it would make sense to commit changes to the structure of a document separately to grammar and spelling fixes. If you later decided to change the structure you would likely still want to maintain your other fixes.
It is important that you use meaningful commit summaries and messages. Writing good commit messages requires some prior thought. Messages that make sense to you as an explanation of changes when you make a commit may no longer make sense to you in the future. If you are going to use version control in collaboration with other people it is especially important that other people can understand your commit messages.
Version control as a system for managing changes to documents works best when active thought goes into using the software. It is therefore particularly important when collaborating with other that there is a shared understanding and approach to using version control. One influential suggestion for a commit style has been made by Tim Pope. A potentially useful parallel to writing good commit messages is the messages included when you edit a Wikipedia or Wiki page.
When writing these messages it is important to explain the changes you made to the page and the reasoning behind these changes so that other people who see the changes can understand your reasoning.
Approaching commit messages as if they will be read not only by yourself but also by others will help you write clear and meaningful commit messages. The benefits of using version control rely to a large degree on using the system effectively.
This means thinking about when to make commits and how to best convey the changes in that commit in a message. A good repository will allow you to easily understand changes that were made at different stages, will be understood by other people and will help you reflect on the changes you make to a document.
There is some difference between how you would manage a repository primarily focused on code and one focused on text. Both, however, benefit from clear and logical organisation. At the moment we are only recording our changes locally.
We may be happy to only store our changes locally it is still important to back our files up but we may want to upload our repository onto GitHub to make it public or to have it stored outside of our computer. The process of doing this through GitHub Desktop is straightforward. This will push your repository from your computer to the GitHub website and set up a remote repository in the process.
It is possible to setup a private repository on GitHub but this requires you to have either signed up as a student or researcher or to pay for a GitHub subscription. For this lesson it will be fine to publish a public repository. This will bring you to your repository online in your browser. Once your document is online, you can continue to make local changes to your file. But you will have to sync your local changes to reflect these changes in the published GitHub repository.
GitHub stores changes both locally on your computer and remotely on their servers. It is important to keep these changes in sync. On GitHub Desktop this process is simplified by using a sync option rather than by using the push and pull commands used on the command line. This will ensure your local computer and remote GitHub server repositories are the same.
This will allow you to implement version control early on whilst keeping the changes local to your computer initially. It is also possible to make a change to your repository on the web interface. Clicking on the name of the file will take you to a new page showing your document. Note: At this point it might seem strange that all the text appears on one line, when your local file had two lines.
This is because in Markdown, syntax paragraphs must be broken using a blank line; two consecutive lines are interpreted as a single paragraph.
This is another reason that using a text editor which includes facilities for rendering your Markdown file will be useful when you are first using the format. From the web interface you have a variety of options available to you, including viewing the history of changes, viewing the file in GitHub Desktop, and deleting it.
These options will not be so important to begin with but you may want to use them in the future. For now we will try editing a file in the web interface and syncing these changes to our local repository. Once you have made some changes to your file, you will again see the option to commit changes at the bottom of the text entry box. Once you have committed these changes they will be stored on the remote repository.
To get them back onto our computer we need to sync our these changes. You can see from this view that we now have the text with changes highlighted in green and red. Red indicates where things have been removed while green indicates additions.
This can be useful for viewing the edits you have made before making a commit and helps you spot whether all the changes are ones you want to commit. On the left you will see a history of the changes you have made. At the moment this is very brief but as you work on a project the history might become much longer. Being able to see the changes you have made at different stages can be very useful. If you are careful about committing and syncing local changes on your computer then it is unlikely you will run into this issue, but if you do it can be resolved fairly easily.
The most likely way a conflict will emerge is if you make a change remotely on the GitHub website , and then make a subsequent change on your local machine without first synching the changes from the website. But these changes might conflict with one another i. An example will help illustrate how conflicts can emerge and how to deal with them. Say we add a change to our remote repository on the GitHub website. We commit this change on the website and subsequently make a change to the document on our local machine.
If we now commit our local changes and then sync our changes we get a message warning us about sync conflicts. This is not a big problem. What you will need to do is manage these conflicts. GitHub desktop offers you the option of opening the file with the sync conflicts. This will show the folder with your file. From here you can open it with your preferred editor. These are known as the conflict markers. There are a number of approaches to dealing with a conflict.
You could choose to go with either of the changes by deleting the version you no longer want and removing the conflict markers. You could also decide to change the section entirely and not choose either of the options. When you go to commit your changes you see that GitHub desktop specifies that the commit is to merge a conflict. This is useful if you later want to go back and review how you managed any conflicts.
This may seem like a convoluted approach to dealing with conflicts but it is very useful because of the control given to you in dealing with conflicts. If conflicts emerge on a system like Dropbox the result is two files being created. Although this is better than potentially loosing important changes, it also means you still have to look at these two documents and decide how you are going to merge them. Committing changes creates a snapshot of the codebase at a given point in time.
You can come back to this snapshot at a later point in time or share it with your teammates so that they can build up from your progress. Remember that only the files that were staged for the commit will be included in it. If you don't stage anything, you won't be able to commit.
After staging our changes, it's time for us to commit the changes. To commit the changes, use:. You might want to view the log for the changes in your project. You can do so using this command:.
As you see, there are 2 commits. The first one shows that we've created a new file and the second one describes the modifications to it. Keep in mind that Git doesn't automatically keep track of the changes you make.
You should you stage and commit them manually. If we want to uncommit the changes from Git, but keep local modifications of the code, we use this command:. This is different from resetting, as it allows you to undo the changes made in a specific commit. Git allows you to create different branches. These branches let you keep the scope of the code versions separate for example, bug fixes , development , production , and so on — all different branches.
To switch to an existing branch, drop the -b flag and use the existing branch name instead of the new one:. After you make changes in a branch, you may want to update a main branch with the code from another branch.
To do so, first move to the branch you want to update and use this command:. If everything went well, this action will create a merge commit in the target branch and add all you commits there. While merging branches, it may happen that the same part of the same file was updated in each branch.
In this case, a conflict occurs as Git doesn't know which change to keep and which to discard. So Git creates a conflict message and prompts you to manually select which branch is correct. The conflict message outlines where the conflict occurred as well as the current and incoming changes. To collaborate with others, you'll need to work on remote repositories.
To collaborate with others, you need to create an account on the website. Now you are ready to contribute to an open source project on GitHub. Not so long ago I found that there was a minor issue in the open-source Hugo theme Papermod that I used for my programming blog. A copy of the repository will be created on your machine. Add Upstream remote, just a fancy name for the source repository, using:.
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